Prostate Enlargement (BPH): Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Options

Prostate enlargement, medically known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common, non-cancerous condition that typically develops as men age. The prostate gland, a part of the male reproductive system, is located just below the bladder and surrounds the urethra. When this gland enlarges, it can press on the urinary tract, leading to various urinary symptoms.

📌 What Is Prostate Enlargement?

Prostate enlargement refers to the non-cancerous overgrowth of prostate tissue, resulting in an increase in the gland’s size. It usually affects men over the age of 40, with prevalence increasing significantly with age. BPH is found in about 50% of men over 60 and up to 90% of men over 80.

---

🔍 Common Symptoms of Prostate Enlargement

As the prostate presses against the bladder and urethra, it may lead to:

• Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia)
• Difficulty starting urination
• Weak or interrupted urine stream
• Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
• Dribbling after urination or sudden urges to urinate
• Pressure or discomfort in the bladder

⚠️ These symptoms can mimic prostate cancer. A professional evaluation is essential.

---

⚠️ What Causes BPH?

The exact cause of BPH is not fully understood, but several contributing factors include:

• Aging: Hormonal changes post-40 may stimulate prostate growth.
• Hormonal imbalance: Decreasing testosterone levels and increased effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) promote prostate cell growth.
• Genetic predisposition: Family history increases risk.
• Lifestyle factors: Obesity, sedentary life and poor diet may contribute.

---

🔬 How Is Prostate Enlargement Diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough urological evaluation, including:

• Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
• PSA test (Prostate-Specific Antigen) to rule out cancer
• Urinalysis and urine flow test
• Ultrasound to assess prostate volume and bladder residual

---

💊 Treatment Options for BPH

Treatment depends on the patient’s age, symptom severity and overall health:

1. Medication

• Alpha-blockers (e.g., Tamsulosin): Relax bladder neck muscles to improve flow.
• 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (e.g., Finasteride): Shrink prostate over time.
• Herbal supplements: Saw palmetto and others may help mild symptoms.

2. Surgical Interventions

• TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate): The most common surgical option.
• Laser therapy and microwave treatments: Minimally invasive alternatives.

3. Lifestyle Modifications

• Reduce caffeine and alcohol
• Limit fluid intake before bedtime
• Exercise regularly and follow a balanced diet
• Manage stress, which can worsen urinary symptoms

---

🧬 Prostate Health Through the Lens of Asklepios

In Ancient Greek medicine, health was a state of balance—of body, mind and spirit. Asklepios, the god of healing, viewed aging not as a flaw but as a natural process to be supported with wisdom. Today, while prostate enlargement is a natural part of aging, it can be managed proactively with the right knowledge and care.

---

✅ Prostate Health Tips

• Begin routine urological checkups after age 40
• Consult your doctor before using herbal remedies
• Walk at least 30 minutes daily
• Reduce red meat, increase antioxidant-rich vegetables
• Embrace a balanced, low-stress lifestyle

---

📌 Conclusion: Early Detection, Effective Management

BPH is a manageable condition that can impact quality of life if left untreated. Recognizing the symptoms early and seeking timely care can greatly improve treatment outcomes and prevent serious complications.